Antioxidants are substances that combat oxidative damage in the body. Today we define antioxidants and oxidative damage, and then discuss how different antioxidant supplements can be of help to human health.
The Role of Free Radicals and Antioxidants
Your body is almost constantly producing byproducts known as free radicals. Free radicals are chemicals which steal electrons from other substances. They come in many forms, and they are largely the byproduct of the body’s process of turning food into energy. Free radicals can also be produced after exposure to pollutants such as cigarette smoke and air pollution, as well as sunlight.
Free radicals affect other substances in negative ways. For example, free radicals can make cholesterol more likely to build up in arteries, or alter the flow of substances between cells. The chronic proliferation of free radicals in the body leads to something called oxidative stress, which can damage cells and lead to multiple kinds of disease. This is the reason antioxidants have such a positive reputation.
“Antioxidant” refers to any substance that reduces the production and proliferation of free radicals. There are hundreds of different antioxidants. A substance can have multiple beneficial functions in the body, with its antioxidant properties being only one of them. However, the work of antioxidants is instrumental to a person’s health.
Top Antioxidant Supplements and Their Benefits
Supplementing with one or more antioxidants can have huge health benefits. Here is a look at some of the best antioxidant supplements, and their potential benefits:
Vitamin A and Vitamin C are often paired together into a single antioxidant supplement. The antioxidant qualities of vitamin C supports your body’s immune system. Studies show that vitamin C raises blood antioxidant levels significantly. Vitamin A is another essential vitamin which works as an antioxidant, in addition to promoting healthy vision, cell reproduction, and other bodily processes. An antioxidant supplement with both of these vitamins can be especially helpful if your diet does not include very many foods that contain antioxidants.
Astaxanthin is a natural carotenoid extracted from algae and other plant life. Its antioxidant properties are the main reason it is a worthy supplement. Astaxanthin has been studied and linked to improved blood circulation, and the potential to reduce oxidative stress in those who are overweight and/or smokers. It’s been shown to be more effective than other natural carotenoids.
Grape seed extract is derived from the seeds of grapes, and is known for its pronounced antioxidant content. Grape seeds contain oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes (OPCs), chemicals which work as potent antioxidants. Supplementing with grape seed extract has been shown to markedly increase blood levels of antioxidants.
L-carnosine is a supplement which contains two amino acids that work as antioxidants: alanine and histidine. L-carnosine provides multiple benefits, which are largely attributed to its antioxidant properties. Studies suggest that taking l-carnosine could help slow the progression of diabetes, as well as potentially reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
N-acetylcysteine is a supplemental form of an amino acid called cysteine. This amino acid is essential for the production of glutathione, which is one of the body’s most important antioxidants. Glutathione voraciously combats cell-damaging free radicals, and helps to maintain the immune system.
Substances that work as antioxidants are valued for their ability to combat oxidative stress and prevent disease. Consider how the antioxidant supplements listed above could benefit you. It’s recommended that you talk to your healthcare provider before trying a new supplement.